if those american scientists were just talking about honesty, morality of scientific research, as you and some thought, then just use the common translation, such as 诚信 or 操守.

however if fzz was right, i.e. the meaning is about whole, complete-ness of science, then his translation would be the best. as it's the most straight, easily understood choice. i always believe translation better following the simplicity principle, if multiple choices over there, use the simple one.

and please note, his view wasn't contradictary to yours, just his consists more than yours. 完整性 includes ethics in science, and also other things.