Close heat
Nano Lett. doi: 10.1021/nl901208v (2009)
The flow of heat between two surfaces held
sufficiently close and separated by a vacuum
can, in theory, exceed the limits laid down by
Max Planck’s law of blackbody radiation.
Gang Chen and Sheng Shen at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in
Cambridge and Arvind Narayanaswamy,
now at Columbia University in New York,
have observed this increased heat transfer
in an experimental feat. They measured the
electromagnetic radiation passing between
a glass sphere and a flat glass, silicon or gold
plate held as close as 30 nanometres.
The increase in radiation is due to
electromagnetic waves that, unusually, do not
radiate outwards but instead ripple over the
surface of polar materials such as glass, and
are formed by a combination of photons and
lattice vibrations.
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