送交者: 2Cul4U4 于 2005-3-04, 15:21:54:
回答: 理论是怎样来解释或描述的呢? 由 Hah 于 2005-3-04, 15:11:26:
dictionary.com
the·o·ry ( P ) Pronunciation Key (th-r, thîr)
n. pl. the·o·ries
A set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena.
The branch of a science or art consisting of its explanatory statements, accepted principles, and methods of analysis, as opposed to practice: a fine musician who had never studied theory.
A set of theorems that constitute a systematic view of a branch of mathematics.
Abstract reasoning; speculation: a decision based on experience rather than theory.
A belief or principle that guides action or assists comprehension or judgment: staked out the house on the theory that criminals usually return to the scene of the crime.
An assumption based on limited information or knowledge; a conjecture.
Encarta:
Theory
Theory, an assumption or system of assumptions, accepted principles, and rules of procedure based on limited information or knowledge, devised to analyze, predict, or otherwise explain the nature or behavior of a specified set of phenomena; abstract reasoning.
The Scientific Method is a systematic approach to research. The philosophy of this empiricist approach is described in Western Philosophy: Pragmatism. Various methods of obtaining data are used; see Research Techniques for examples.
Hypotheses are the first step in creating a theory. Hypothesis formation is discussed in Psychology: Methods of Research.
Falsifiability is the most important feature of hypothesis testing. Methods of testing (falsifying) hypotheses include Dialectic, Logic, Probability, and Statistics
Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary:
the•ory /ri; AmE ri; iri/ noun (pl. -ies)
1 [C, U] a formal set of ideas that is intended to explain why sth happens or exists: According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light. The debate is centred around two conflicting theories.
2 [U] the principles on which a particular subject is based: the theory and practice of language teaching literary / political theory
3 [C] ~ (that) an opinion or idea that sb believes is true but that is not proved: I have this theory that most people prefer being at work to being at home.