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..Connectionists believe that this learning -- be it on the tennis court or in any other situation -- comes from the most basic of building blocks in the neural network: neurons. Rather than storing an incomprehensible amount of rules, the brain stores tiny little bits of data and, depending on how they are connected, crafts solutions.
Rather than learn rules on how to return every possible tennis serve, the mind makes rapid connections between past data; if the serve is coming at 70 mph and you've returned a serve at 60 mph and one at 80 mph, in a macro way, the brain connects the dots. While the human brain may not, in fact, be the best model upon which to pattern learning in machines, Roy notes that the brain still outperforms today's computers and, if researchers are to craft a human-like machine, it should be, de facto, patterned after human faculties.
Control theory
Roy's control theory holds that while there are indeed connections that have to be made between neurons (or, in the case of a computer network, neural nodes), there is also a titular controller organizing the system.