靠,这不叫抄?


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送交者: 波一波 于 2008-05-23, 04:09:31:

回答: 经过加工,很难说是抄袭 由 过客1234 于 2008-05-23, 03:09:51:

National Geographic的这篇说了两方面的观点,认为可能有相关性的有中、日、英科学家(篇幅占多数),认为没有关系的USGS。文章没有做明确结论。张功耀就是摘译National Geographic中的文字,再贩卖点私货。

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引用:
  最早记载地震前出现动物行为异常的文献,可以追溯到老普林尼关于公元前
373年古希腊赫莱斯城遭遇的一次地震的记载。....依据
老普林尼的记载,赫莱斯城在地震前有许多动物表现出了不少异常行为。其中,
表现最多的是老鼠、蛇、黄鼬在行为上的慌乱和不安。

n 373 B.C., historians recorded that animals, including rats, snakes and weasels, deserted the Greek city of Helice in droves just days before a quake devastated the place.

原文中没有“老普林尼的记载”,我纳闷是从哪来的。到网上一查,找到这样一段话:

~The first detailed description from Europe concerns a cataclysmic earthquake in 373 B.C. at Helice, Greece, on the shore of the Gulf of Corinth, which swallowed the city up. Five days before the quake, according to the historian Diodorus Siculus, rats, snakes, weasels, and other animals left the city in droves, to the puzzlement of the human inhabitants.

~Other reports from ancient times include the statement of the Roman writer Pliny the Elder that one of the signs of a coming earthquake is “the excitation and terror of animals with no apparent reason.”

原来古希腊的叫Diodorus Siculus,Pliny the Elder应该就是“老普林尼”,可老人家是罗马的。

引用:
  除古代希腊记载了地震前的动物异常行为外,欧洲历史学家还记载了地震前
鲇鱼不产卵的现象。美洲也有数百年关于地震前主人所豢养的宠物(猫和狗)会
发出哀叫,行为上看上去像神经过敏和焦躁不安的记载。

Accounts of similar animal anticipation of earthquakes have surfaced across the centuries since. Catfish moving violently, chickens that stop laying eggs and bees leaving their hive in a panic have been reported. Countless pet owners claimed to have witnessed their cats and dogs acting strangely before the ground shook—barking or whining for no apparent reason, or showing signs of nervousness and restlessness.

别人说的是鲶鱼活动增加、鸡不生蛋,他说鲇鱼不产卵。这个什么“欧洲历史学家”、“美洲”,大概又是胡编乱造。

引用:
第一个依据:

  据地震学家观测统计,全世界每年发生的地震有50万次。可被人类感觉到的
地震大约是10万次。其中,只有100次左右的地震会造成破坏。人类可以在现代
科学技术条件下感受到50万次的地震,这种感知能力已经大大超过了任何一种野
生动物。

Earthquakes are a sudden phenomenon. Seismologists have no way of knowing exactly when or where the next one will hit. An estimated 500,000 detectable quakes occur in the world each year. Of those, 100,000 can be felt by humans, and 100 cause damage.

他说这是不支持动物在地震前有预先感知地震的能力的三个基本依据之一,原文中可没这么说。50万次地震是发生后可检测到,能排除动物在震前感知的可能性吗?

引用:
  第二个依据:

  日本是一个地震多发国家。恐怕没有任何国家像日本那样有着急切解决地震
预报的愿望。这个国家的地震预报研究者也曾经指望依据观察动物行为异常来进
行地震预报。为此,他们进行了很长时间而且日益精细的观察研究。2003年,还
有日本人发表过大字新闻,宣称家犬具有事先感知地震的能力。但是,科学家并
不认为这是一相严肃的宣称。有关动物是否具有预先感知地震能力的研究,基本
结论实际上已经明确,那就是,所有动物都没有预先感知地震的能力。

One of the world's most earthquake-prone countries is Japan, where devastation has taken countless lives and caused enormous damage to property. Researchers there have long studied animals in hopes of discovering what they hear or feel before the Earth shakes in order to use that sense as a prediction tool.

In September 2003 a medical doctor in Japan made headlines with a study that indicated erratic behavior in dogs, such as excessive barking or biting, could be used to forecast quakes.

哪个科学家“并不认为这是一相严肃的宣称”?哪个明确的结论认为“所有动物都没有预先感知地震的能力”?又在塞私货。

引用:
  第三个依据:

  美国的动物行为学家研究发现,动物的异常行为主要来自领地竞争,交配权
竞争,掠食竞争和居住环境变迁,不是来自对地震前的预先感知。与人类在“失
恋”之后也常常表现出一些异常行为,动物在争取交配权的竞争中失败以后也会
表现出诸如此类的异常。如此等等。这就是说,地震前可能出现动物行为异常。
但是,这些动物行为异常并不是因为它们感受到了即将发生地震。

"What we're faced with is a lot of anecdotes," said Andy Michael, a geophysicist at USGS. "Animals react to so many things—being hungry, defending their territories, mating, predators—so it's hard to have a controlled study to get that advanced warning signal."

发言的是地球物理学家,他说是“动物行为学家”。别人说动物可在很多情况下有异常行为,他说“主要来自”。别人说的是“it's hard to have a controlled study to get that advanced warning signal”,并没有否认,他一口咬定“这些动物行为异常并不是因为它们感受到了即将发生地震”。

三大依据没一条站得住脚。最恶劣的是只字不提原始文章,还夹塞私货,没看过原文的还以为他是个地震学权威。混球一个。




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