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送交者: 方舟子 于 2006-3-23, 02:00:12:

回答: The Mercury News: In China, faculty plagiarism a 'national scandal' 由 Yush 于 2006-3-23, 01:16:55:

1) How many credible charges of plagiarism against Chinese academic scholars have you received since starting your work?

I don't have a precise number. Since starting my work in August, 2000, I have disclosed more than 500 cases of scientific misconduct and these were just a small portion of charges I received. Most of them were about plagiarism, and I only disclosed those I believed were credible.

2) Why do Chinese academics fear to level charges of plagiarism or corruption against their peers? How is this different than in the U.S.? Or is it similar?

Scientific misconduct or corruption is so widely spread among Chinese academics that most of them have been used to it. Plagiarizing foreign papers is a common practice in China. They don't think it's a big deal. Besides, China doesn't have a system to protect whistleblowers, so even if someone has integrity and guts to stand up against his or her wrongdoing peers or supervisors, he or she will certainly face retaliation. I think the situation in the U.S. is quite different. The U.S. academics are much clearer, and the system is much better, for instance, the U.S. has an official channel to report, investigate and punish the scientific misconducts, which China lacks.

3) Is the plagiarism issue cultural? Or is its root cause a system of promotions at universities focusing largely on the publishing of work in academic journals?

Traditionally, Chinese scholars didn't have concept of intellectual property and didn't respect others' intellectual works that much. They used a quite different academic standard from the Westerns. When a plagiarism act was exposed, the plagiarizer often argued that he didn't commit plagiarism using many excuses, and could easily manage to receive sympathy from the authorities and public. Since China does not have an official channel properly to deal with the issue, the cheaters don't have to worry they will someday be caught and punished. The current promotion system at universities is just a catalyst to make the situation worse.

4) Is the problem being dealt with adequately by authorities? What else must be done?

No, the authorities aren't really dealing with this problem. They are just paying lip service to this issue. The cases I have disclosed mostly were ignored by authorities. Very few scientific misconduct cases were exposed through official channel, and fewer the cheaters were punished. If Hu Xingrong didn't resign by himself, I don't think Shantou University would really punish him. China should set up a national organization to investigate scientific misconducts, similar to the Office of Research Integrity of the U.S Health Service. But even if it's established right now, it itself will probably also corrupt and won't function properly, like other Chinese government organizations. So I don't think the situation will have dramatic improvement very soon. This is also a political and social problem. Before we can solve the problem, the Chinese society must have a radical change first. We will need to have a democratic government, independent scientific and educational institutions, and free press. A long way to go.




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